GROUP 10: NICKEL GROUP

Nickel Group Overview

Also known as: Nickel family

Group Members: Nickel (Ni), Palladium (Pd), Platinum (Pt), Darmstadtium (Ds)

Common Properties: All are transition metals, form +2 oxidation state, catalytic properties, corrosion-resistant

Ni

Nickel

Magnetic
Atomic Number 28
Atomic Mass 58.69 u
Electron Config [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
Common Ions Ni²⁺
Melting Point 1455°C
Density 8.91 g/cm³
Nickel is the 5th most common element on Earth and is found in meteorites!

Properties: Hard, ductile, ferromagnetic, corrosion-resistant

Applications: Stainless steel, coins, batteries, electroplating, magnets

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Pd

Palladium

Catalytic
Atomic Number 46
Atomic Mass 106.42 u
Electron Config [Kr] 4d¹⁰
Common Ions Pd²⁺, Pd⁴⁺
Melting Point 1554.9°C
Density 12.02 g/cm³
Palladium can absorb up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen at room temperature!

Properties: Soft, silvery-white, absorbs hydrogen, catalytic

Applications: Catalytic converters, jewelry, dentistry, hydrogen storage

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Pt

Platinum

Precious
Atomic Number 78
Atomic Mass 195.08 u
Electron Config [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹
Common Ions Pt²⁺, Pt⁴⁺
Melting Point 1768.3°C
Density 21.45 g/cm³
Platinum is so rare that all the platinum ever mined would fit in an average living room!

Properties: Dense, malleable, ductile, corrosion-resistant

Applications: Jewelry, catalytic converters, laboratory equipment, cancer drugs

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Ds

Darmstadtium

Synthetic
Atomic Number 110
Atomic Mass 281 u
Electron Config [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸ 7s²
Common Ions Ds²⁺
Half-life ~10 sec
Stability Synthetic
Darmstadtium is named after the city of Darmstadt, Germany where it was discovered!

Properties: Synthetic radioactive metal, extremely short-lived

Applications: Scientific research only

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